月度归档:2015年05月

OEL5.10安装11.1.0.6 RAC升级11.1.0.7

经阅读11gR1 Cluster和Database安装包readme文档说明,发现11gR1 RAC安装和10gR2安装配置基本没有太大差别,大体上完全相同,没有11gR2的grid用户及集群管理方式,因此本文档简单记录一下安装及升级过程。

〇、环境描述
1.虚拟机软件
VirtualBox 4.3.26
2.操作系统版本
OEL 5.10 Linux-64
3.数据库软件
11.1.0.6 Cluster + Database
4.升级补丁包
11.1.0.7 Patch升级包 [p6890831_111070_Linux-x86-64.zip]
5.存储磁盘分配
OCR使用/dev/sdb sdc两块盘存放
Voting disk使用/dev/sdd存放
/dev/sde作为数据库盘
/dev/sdf作为闪回区盘
6.RAC集群IP地址主机名分配信息
#Public IP 
192.168.56.111 11grac1 
192.168.56.112 11grac2
#Private IP 
10.0.10.11 11grac1-priv 
10.0.10.12 11grac2-priv
#Virtual IP 
192.168.56.112 11grac1-vip 
192.168.56.113 11grac2-vip

一、创建虚拟机安装操作系统添加共享磁盘配置此步骤只简单说明
1.每个虚拟机至少添加两块网卡eth0/eth1

eth0作为Public网卡
eth1作为Private网卡
2.共享磁盘添加5块(3块1GB/1块5GB/1块2GB

1)关于5块共享磁盘说明
OCRVOTE1/2用于存放OCR
OCRVOTE3用于存放Voting Disk
DATA用于数据盘
ARCH用于闪回区
2)共享磁盘创建步骤
a.关闭已经安装好系统的两台虚拟机,在节点1上添加以上5块共享磁盘,点击节点1虚拟机主界面“存储”弹出如下对话框,按图示依次进行操作。

点击“创建”,按照上面的方法一次创建剩余的四块共享磁盘。

b.修改以上创建的5块磁盘属性,使其变为可共享模式。
点击VirtualBox主菜单上的“管理”—>“虚拟介质管理”,找到刚添加的5块磁盘,依次选中后,单击鼠标右键在弹出窗口中选择“可共享”后点击确定。

c.将5块共享磁盘依次添加到节点2虚拟机,点击节点2虚拟机主界面“存储”弹出如下对话框,按图示依次进行操作。

依次浏览添加在节点1上创建的5块共享磁盘,注意这里浏览添加的顺序和节点1创建磁盘时的顺序相同,完成后虚拟机节点2就可以看到和节点1相同的磁盘。

完成以上步骤启动2个节点虚拟机,完后后续步骤。

三、设置主机名IP地址hosts解析等信息此步骤忽略
[root@11grac1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=11grac1.localdomain
NOZEROCONF=yes
[root@11grac2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=11grac2.localdomain
NOZEROCONF=yes
[root@11grac1 ~]# ifconfig 
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:5B:7E:27  
          inet addr:192.168.56.111  Bcast:192.168.56.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:2333789 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:7799133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1044868449 (996.4 MiB)  TX bytes:10558577602 (9.8 GiB)

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:20:63:C0  
          inet addr:10.0.10.11  Bcast:10.0.10.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:2064610 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1852436 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1204869395 (1.1 GiB)  TX bytes:977565503 (932.2 MiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:600944 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:600944 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:412793105 (393.6 MiB)  TX bytes:412793105 (393.6 MiB)
[root@11grac2 ~]# ifconfig 
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:9C:07:C2  
          inet addr:192.168.56.222  Bcast:192.168.56.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:7295240 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1149928 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:10203866831 (9.5 GiB)  TX bytes:86780191 (82.7 MiB)

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:CA:4E:75  
          inet addr:10.0.10.22  Bcast:10.0.10.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1381921 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2018678 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:728991095 (695.2 MiB)  TX bytes:1199900523 (1.1 GiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:447067 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:447067 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:209613125 (199.9 MiB)  TX bytes:209613125 (199.9 MiB)
[root@11grac1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

# Public IP
192.168.56.111 11grac1.localdomain 11grac1
192.168.56.222 11grac2.localdomain 11grac2

# Private IP
10.0.10.11 11grac1-priv.localdomain 11grac1-priv
10.0.10.22 11grac2-priv.localdomain 11grac2-priv

# Virtual IP
192.168.56.112 11grac1-vip.localdomain 11grac1-vip
192.168.56.223 11grac2-vip.localdomain 11grac2-vip

[root@11grac2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

# Public IP
192.168.56.111 11grac1.localdomain 11grac1
192.168.56.222 11grac2.localdomain 11grac2

# Private IP
10.0.10.11  11grac1-priv.localdomain 11grac1-priv
10.0.10.22  11grac2-priv.localdomain 11grac2-priv

# Virtual IP
192.168.56.112 11grac1-vip.localdomain 11grac1-vip
192.168.56.223 11grac2-vip.localdomain 11grac2-vip

四、安装必要补丁包
可以使用yum直接安装OEL提供的oracle-validated包,安装此包也会创建oracle用户和oinstall/dba组,可参考:http://www.lynnlee.cn/?p=225

五、RAC节点间NTP时间同步
可以参考:http://www.lynnlee.cn/?p=969

六、配置oracle用户ssh互信关系并验证
1)配置ssh互信关系
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory ‘/home/oracle/.ssh’.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
10:75:22:03:21:35:c7:5b:ef:c6:3a:d9:5a:dd:6b:7b oracle@11grac1.localdomain
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ca:19:c2:55:b7:c9:2e:30:55:96:8c:be:da:35:06:a9 oracle@11grac1.localdomain

[oracle@11grac2 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory ‘/home/oracle/.ssh’.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
8e:4b:06:9e:7f:ce:8a:6b:d0:b8:9f:15:23:63:3b:33 oracle@11grac2.localdomain
[oracle@11grac2 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
a9:d2:dd:d5:91:37:30:23:81:fc:fa:c9:5f:0e:5a:96 oracle@11grac2.localdomain

[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ ssh 11grac2 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
The authenticity of host ’11grac2 (192.168.56.222)’ can’t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 25:8c:5f:0f:cd:8a:4b:35:84:75:c8:cd:58:75:35:6b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added ’11grac2,192.168.56.222′ (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@11grac2’s password: 
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ ssh 11grac2 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@11grac2’s password: 
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 11grac2:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@11grac2’s password: 
authorized_keys                                                                   100% 2040     2.0KB/s   00:00    
2)测试oracle用户ssh互信关系
$ cat ssh.sh 
ssh 11grac1 date
ssh 11grac2 date
ssh 11grac1-priv date 
ssh 11grac2-priv date
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ sh ssh.sh 
Mon May 18 08:33:34 CST 2015
Mon May 18 08:33:35 CST 2015
Mon May 18 08:33:34 CST 2015
Mon May 18 08:33:35 CST 2015
[oracle@11grac2 ~]$ sh ssh.sh 
Mon May 18 08:33:44 CST 2015
Mon May 18 08:33:45 CST 2015
Mon May 18 08:33:45 CST 2015
Mon May 18 08:33:46 CST 2015

七、使用udev配置ASM共享磁盘
1)查看磁盘信息
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdc: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdc doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdd doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sde doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdf: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdf doesn’t contain a valid partition table

[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdc: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdc doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdd doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sde doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdf: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdf doesn’t contain a valid partition table
2)使用udev配置共享磁盘
在两个节点上执行以下令,并将输出结果添加到新建的udev规则文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules中:
for i in b c d e f;
do
echo “KERNEL==\”sd*\”, BUS==\”scsi\”, PROGRAM==\”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p\”, RESULT==\”`scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sd$i`\”, NAME=\”asm-disk$i\”, OWNER=\”oracle\”, GROUP=\”oinstall\”, MODE=\”0660\””
done

[root@11grac1 ~]# for i in b c d e f;
> do
> echo “KERNEL==\”sd*\”, BUS==\”scsi\”, PROGRAM==\”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p\”, RESULT==\”`scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sd$i`\”, NAME=\”asm-disk$i\”, OWNER=\”oracle\”, GROUP=\”oinstall\”, MODE=\”0660\””
> done
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB424a5eb7-c9274de0_”, NAME=”asm-diskb”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB95c63929-9336a092_”, NAME=”asm-diskc”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa044f79d-51b67554_”, NAME=”asm-diskd”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB86ee407e-415b5b32_”, NAME=”asm-diske”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBe59f5561-e0df75b7_”, NAME=”asm-diskf”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″

[root@11grac2 ~]# for i in b c d e f;
> do
> echo “KERNEL==\”sd*\”, BUS==\”scsi\”, PROGRAM==\”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p\”, RESULT==\”`scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sd$i`\”, NAME=\”asm-disk$i\”, OWNER=\”oracle\”, GROUP=\”oinstall\”, MODE=\”0660\””
> done
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB424a5eb7-c9274de0_”, NAME=”asm-diskb”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB95c63929-9336a092_”, NAME=”asm-diskc”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa044f79d-51b67554_”, NAME=”asm-diskd”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB86ee407e-415b5b32_”, NAME=”asm-diske”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBe59f5561-e0df75b7_”, NAME=”asm-diskf”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″

[root@11grac1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB424a5eb7-c9274de0_”, NAME=”asm-diskb”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB95c63929-9336a092_”, NAME=”asm-diskc”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa044f79d-51b67554_”, NAME=”asm-diskd”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”00660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB86ee407e-415b5b32_”, NAME=”asm-diske”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBe59f5561-e0df75b7_”, NAME=”asm-diskf”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
[root@11grac2 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB424a5eb7-c9274de0_”, NAME=”asm-diskb”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB95c63929-9336a092_”, NAME=”asm-diskc”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa044f79d-51b67554_”, NAME=”asm-diskd”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB86ee407e-415b5b32_”, NAME=”asm-diske”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
KERNEL==”sd*”, BUS==”scsi”, PROGRAM==”/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p”, RESULT==”SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBe59f5561-e0df75b7_”, NAME=”asm-diskf”, OWNER=”oracle”, GROUP=”oinstall”, MODE=”0660″
3)启动udev
[root@11grac1 ~]# start_udev 
Starting udev:                                             [  OK  ]
[root@11grac2 ~]# start_udev 
Starting udev:                                             [  OK  ]
4)查看共享磁盘
[root@11grac1 ~]# ls -l /dev/asm-disk*
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 16 May 18  2015 /dev/asm-diskb
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 32 May 18  2015 /dev/asm-diskc
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 48 May 18 08:16 /dev/asm-diskd
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 64 May 18 08:15 /dev/asm-diske
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 80 May 18 08:15 /dev/asm-diskf
[root@11grac2 ~]#ls -l /dev/asm-disk*
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 16 May 18 08:16 /dev/asm-diskb
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 32 May 18 08:16 /dev/asm-diskc
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 48 May 18 08:17 /dev/asm-diskd
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 64 May 18 08:15 /dev/asm-diske
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 80 May 18 08:15 /dev/asm-diskf

八、设置环境变量
1)oracle环境变量
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile 
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=rac11g
export ORACLE_SID=rac11g1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app
export CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/share/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/jdbc/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$CRS_HOME/bin:$PATH

[oracle@11grac2 ~]$ cat .bash_profile 
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=rac11g
export ORACLE_SID=rac11g1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app
export CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/share/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/jdbc/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$CRS_HOME/bin:$PATH
2)root环境变量
[root@11grac1 ~]# cat .bash_profile 
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH
unset USERNAME

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app
export CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1
export PATH=$CRS_HOME/bin:$PATH

[root@11grac2 ~]# cat .bash_profile 
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH
unset USERNAME

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app
export CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1
export PATH=$CRS_HOME/bin:$PATH

九、创建用户属主目录修改权限此步骤忽略

十、安装11.1.0.6 Cluster软件
1)安装前预检查
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR1_clusterware.zip
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp]$ cd clusterware
[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/clusterware]$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n 11grac1,11grac2 -verbose

Performing pre-checks for cluster services setup 

Checking node reachability…

Check: Node reachability from node “11grac1″
  Destination Node                      Reachable?              
  ————————————  ————————
  11grac2                               yes                     
  11grac1                               yes                     
Result: Node reachability check passed from node “11grac1″.

Checking user equivalence…

Check: User equivalence for user “oracle”
  Node Name                             Comment                 
  ————————————  ————————
  11grac2                               passed                  
  11grac1                               passed                  
Result: User equivalence check passed for user “oracle”.

Checking administrative privileges…

Check: Existence of user “oracle”
  Node Name     User Exists               Comment                 
  ————  ————————  ————————
  11grac2       yes                       passed                  
  11grac1       yes                       passed                  
Result: User existence check passed for “oracle”.

Check: Existence of group “oinstall”
  Node Name     Status                    Group ID                
  ————  ————————  ————————
  11grac2       exists                    54321                   
  11grac1       exists                    54321                   
Result: Group existence check passed for “oinstall”.

Check: Membership of user “oracle” in group “oinstall” [as Primary]
  Node Name         User Exists   Group Exists  User in Group  Primary       Comment     
  —————-  ————  ————  ————  ————  ————
  11grac2           yes           yes           yes           yes           passed      
  11grac1           yes           yes           yes           yes           passed      
Result: Membership check for user “oracle” in group “oinstall” [as Primary] passed.

Administrative privileges check passed.

Checking node connectivity…

Interface information for node “11grac2″
  Interface Name    IP Address    Subnet        Subnet Gateway  Default Gateway  Hardware Address
  —————-  ————  ————  ————  ————  ————
  eth0              192.168.56.222  192.168.56.0  0.0.0.0       10.0.10.1     08:00:27:9C:07:C2
  eth1              10.0.10.22    10.0.10.0     0.0.0.0       10.0.10.1     08:00:27:CA:4E:75

Interface information for node “11grac1″
  Interface Name    IP Address    Subnet        Subnet Gateway  Default Gateway  Hardware Address
  —————-  ————  ————  ————  ————  ————
  eth0              192.168.56.111  192.168.56.0  0.0.0.0       10.0.10.1     08:00:27:5B:7E:27
  eth1              10.0.10.11    10.0.10.0     0.0.0.0       10.0.10.1     08:00:27:20:63:C0

Check: Node connectivity of subnet “192.168.56.0”
  Source                          Destination                     Connected?      
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2:eth0                    11grac1:eth0                    yes             
Result: Node connectivity check passed for subnet “192.168.56.0” with node(s) 11grac2,11grac1.

Check: Node connectivity of subnet “10.0.10.0”
  Source                          Destination                     Connected?      
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2:eth1                    11grac1:eth1                    yes             
Result: Node connectivity check passed for subnet “10.0.10.0” with node(s) 11grac2,11grac1.

Interfaces found on subnet “192.168.56.0” that are likely candidates for VIP:
11grac2 eth0:192.168.56.222
11grac1 eth0:192.168.56.111

Interfaces found on subnet “10.0.10.0” that are likely candidates for a private interconnect:
11grac2 eth1:10.0.10.22
11grac1 eth1:10.0.10.11

Result: Node connectivity check passed.

Checking system requirements for ‘crs’…

Check: Total memory 
  Node Name     Available                 Required                  Comment   
  ————  ————————  ————————  ———-
  11grac2       1.96GB (2054984KB)        1GB (1048576KB)           passed    
  11grac1       1.96GB (2054984KB)        1GB (1048576KB)           passed    
Result: Total memory check passed.

Check: Free disk space in “/tmp” dir
  Node Name     Available                 Required                  Comment   
  ————  ————————  ————————  ———-
  11grac2       21.1GB (22124120KB)       400MB (409600KB)          passed    
  11grac1       18.44GB (19332556KB)      400MB (409600KB)          passed    
Result: Free disk space check passed.

Check: Swap space 
  Node Name     Available                 Required                  Comment   
  ————  ————————  ————————  ———-
  11grac2       4GB (4194300KB)           1.5GB (1572864KB)         passed    
  11grac1       4GB (4194300KB)           1.5GB (1572864KB)         passed    
Result: Swap space check passed.

Check: System architecture 
  Node Name     Available                 Required                  Comment   
  ————  ————————  ————————  ———-
  11grac2       x86_64                    x86_64                    passed    
  11grac1       x86_64                    x86_64                    passed    
Result: System architecture check passed.

Check: Kernel version 
  Node Name     Available                 Required                  Comment   
  ————  ————————  ————————  ———-
  11grac2       2.6.39-400.209.1.el5uek   2.6.18                    passed    
  11grac1       2.6.39-400.209.1.el5uek   2.6.18                    passed    
Result: Kernel version check passed.

Check: Package existence for “make-3.81″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         make-3.81-3.el5                 passed          
  11grac1                         make-3.81-3.el5                 passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “make-3.81″.

Check: Package existence for “binutils-2.17.50.0.6″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         binutils-2.17.50.0.6-26.el5     passed          
  11grac1                         binutils-2.17.50.0.6-26.el5     passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “binutils-2.17.50.0.6″.

Check: Package existence for “gcc-4.1.1″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         gcc-4.1.2-54.el5                passed          
  11grac1                         gcc-4.1.2-54.el5                passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “gcc-4.1.1″.

Check: Package existence for “libaio-0.3.106″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libaio-0.3.106-5                passed          
  11grac1                         libaio-0.3.106-5                passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libaio-0.3.106″.

Check: Package existence for “libaio-0.3.106″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libaio-0.3.106-5                passed          
  11grac1                         libaio-0.3.106-5                passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libaio-0.3.106″.

Check: Package existence for “libaio-devel-0.3.106″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libaio-devel-0.3.106-5          passed          
  11grac1                         libaio-devel-0.3.106-5          passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libaio-devel-0.3.106″.

Check: Package existence for “libstdc++-4.1.1″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libstdc++-4.1.2-54.el5          passed          
  11grac1                         libstdc++-4.1.2-54.el5          passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libstdc++-4.1.1″.

Check: Package existence for “libstdc++-4.1.1″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libstdc++-4.1.2-54.el5          passed          
  11grac1                         libstdc++-4.1.2-54.el5          passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libstdc++-4.1.1″.

Check: Package existence for “elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5  passed          
  11grac1                         elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5  passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125″.

Check: Package existence for “sysstat-7.0.0″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         sysstat-7.0.2-12.0.1.el5        passed          
  11grac1                         sysstat-7.0.2-12.0.1.el5        passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “sysstat-7.0.0″.

Check: Package existence for “compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61    passed          
  11grac1                         compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61    passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3″.

Check: Package existence for “compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61    passed          
  11grac1                         compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61    passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3″.

Check: Package existence for “libgcc-4.1.1″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libgcc-4.1.2-54.el5             passed          
  11grac1                         libgcc-4.1.2-54.el5             passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libgcc-4.1.1″.

Check: Package existence for “libgcc-4.1.1″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libgcc-4.1.2-54.el5             passed          
  11grac1                         libgcc-4.1.2-54.el5             passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libgcc-4.1.1″.

Check: Package existence for “libstdc++-devel-4.1.1″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-54.el5    passed          
  11grac1                         libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-54.el5    passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “libstdc++-devel-4.1.1″.

Check: Package existence for “elfutils-libelf-0.125″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5     passed          
  11grac1                         elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5     passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “elfutils-libelf-0.125″.

Check: Package existence for “glibc-2.5-12″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         missing                         failed          
  11grac1                         missing                         failed          
Result: Package existence check failed for “glibc-2.5-12″.

Check: Package existence for “glibc-2.5-12″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         glibc-2.5-118                   passed          
  11grac1                         glibc-2.5-118                   passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “glibc-2.5-12″.

Check: Package existence for “glibc-common-2.5″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         glibc-common-2.5-118            passed          
  11grac1                         glibc-common-2.5-118            passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “glibc-common-2.5″.

Check: Package existence for “glibc-devel-2.5″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         glibc-devel-2.5-118             passed          
  11grac1                         glibc-devel-2.5-118             passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “glibc-devel-2.5″.

Check: Package existence for “glibc-devel-2.5″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         glibc-devel-2.5-118             passed          
  11grac1                         glibc-devel-2.5-118             passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “glibc-devel-2.5″.

Check: Package existence for “gcc-c++-4.1.1″ 
  Node Name                       Status                          Comment         
  ——————————  ——————————  —————-
  11grac2                         gcc-c++-4.1.2-54.el5            passed          
  11grac1                         gcc-c++-4.1.2-54.el5            passed          
Result: Package existence check passed for “gcc-c++-4.1.1″.

Check: Group existence for “dba” 
  Node Name     Status                    Comment                 
  ————  ————————  ————————
  11grac2       exists                    passed                  
  11grac1       exists                    passed                  
Result: Group existence check passed for “dba”.

Check: Group existence for “oinstall” 
  Node Name     Status                    Comment                 
  ————  ————————  ————————
  11grac2       exists                    passed                  
  11grac1       exists                    passed                  
Result: Group existence check passed for “oinstall”.

Check: User existence for “nobody” 
  Node Name     Status                    Comment                 
  ————  ————————  ————————
  11grac2       exists                    passed                  
  11grac1       exists                    passed                  
Result: User existence check passed for “nobody”.

System requirement failed for ‘crs’

Pre-check for cluster services setup was unsuccessful on all the nodes. 
预安装检查完后,如有failed选项,请进行调整后再次检查直至所有选项均为passed即可安装。
2)开始安装Cluster
[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/clusterware]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.56.1:0.0
[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/clusterware]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer…

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 18971 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 4095 MB    Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors.    Actual 16777216    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-05-14_10-08-26PM. Please wait …[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/clusterware]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.1.0.6.0 Production
Copyright (C) 1999, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
— 请安装如下图示依次操作即可完成Cluster安装

— 指定CRS安装目录

— 添加集群IP信息


— 指定OCR位置这里使用normal模式
指定Voting Disk位置这里使用外部冗余模式

— 安装要求依次按照顺序在每一个节点用root用户执行脚本

[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete

[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete

[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/root.sh
WARNING: directory ‘/u01/app/crs/11.1.0′ is not owned by root
WARNING: directory ‘/u01/app/crs’ is not owned by root
WARNING: directory ‘/u01/app’ is not owned by root
WARNING: directory ‘/u01′ is not owned by root
Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.

Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory
Setting up Network socket directories
Oracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfully
The directory ‘/u01/app/crs/11.1.0′ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
The directory ‘/u01/app/crs’ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
The directory ‘/u01/app’ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
The directory ‘/u01′ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>
node 1: 11grac1 11grac1-priv 11grac1
node 2: 11grac2 11grac2-priv 11grac2
Creating OCR keys for user ‘root’, privgrp ‘root’..
Operation successful.
Now formatting voting device: /dev/asm-diskd
Format of 1 voting devices complete.
Startup will be queued to init within 30 seconds.
Adding daemons to inittab
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
Cluster Synchronization Services is active on these nodes. 
11grac1
Cluster Synchronization Services is inactive on these nodes. 
11grac2
Local node checking complete. Run root.sh on remaining nodes to start CRS daemons.

[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/root.sh
WARNING: directory ‘/u01/app/crs/11.1.0′ is not owned by root
WARNING: directory ‘/u01/app/crs’ is not owned by root
WARNING: directory ‘/u01/app’ is not owned by root
WARNING: directory ‘/u01′ is not owned by root
Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.

Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory
Setting up Network socket directories
Oracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfully
The directory ‘/u01/app/crs/11.1.0′ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
The directory ‘/u01/app/crs’ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
The directory ‘/u01/app’ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
The directory ‘/u01′ is not owned by root. Changing owner to root
clscfg: EXISTING configuration version 4 detected.
clscfg: version 4 is 11 Release 1.
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>
node 1: 11grac1 11grac1-priv 11grac1
node 2: 11grac2 11grac2-priv 11grac2
clscfg: Arguments check out successfully.

NO KEYS WERE WRITTEN. Supply -force parameter to override.
-force is destructive and will destroy any previous cluster
configuration.
Oracle Cluster Registry for cluster has already been initialized
Startup will be queued to init within 30 seconds.
Adding daemons to inittab
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
Cluster Synchronization Services is active on these nodes. 
11grac1
11grac2
Cluster Synchronization Services is active on all the nodes. 
Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to start
Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to start
Oracle CRS stack installed and running under init(1M)
Running vipca(silent) for configuring nodeapps

Creating VIP application resource on (2) nodes…
Creating GSD application resource on (2) nodes…
Creating ONS application resource on (2) nodes…
Starting VIP application resource on (2) nodes…
Starting GSD application resource on (2) nodes…
Starting ONS application resource on (2) nodes…

Done.

— root脚本运行成功后检查集群状态
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ crs_stat -t
Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
————————————————————
ora….ac1.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac2.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     

[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ crs_stat -t
Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
————————————————————
ora….ac1.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac2.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     

— root脚本运行成功后点击“OK”后进行集群的最后配置

— 到此集群软件安装成功

十一、安装11.1.0.6 Database软件
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database.zip
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp]$ cd database
[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/database]$ ./runInstaller 
Starting Oracle Universal Installer…

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 16606 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 4095 MB    Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors.    Actual 16777216    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-05-14_10-49-31PM. Please wait …[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/database]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.1.0.6.0 Production
Copyright (C) 1999, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
— 请安装如下图示依次操作即可完成Database安装

— 指定Database的安装位置

— 选择集群安装模式

[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script…

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The file “dbhome” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin …
The file “oraenv” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin …
The file “coraenv” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin …

Creating /etc/oratab file…
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.

[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script…

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Creating y directory…
   Copying dbhome to y …
   Copying oraenv to y …
   Copying coraenv to y …

Creating /etc/oratab file…
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.


— 到此Database安装完成

十二、升级11.1.0.6 RAC到11.1.0.7
根据readme文档说明,这里我们选择Non Rolling Upgrade方式进行升级,先升级Cluster软件,再升级Database软件。
1)关闭集群(两个节点操作)
$ emctl stop dbconsole
$ srvctl stop database -d db_name
$ srvctl stop asm -n node
$ srvctl stop nodeapps -n node
— 由于我们这里只安装了集群和数据库软件没有创建数据库,因此以上步骤可以不用执行。
[root@11grac1 ~]# CRS_HOME/bin/crsctl stop crs
[root@11grac2 ~]# CRS_HOME/bin/crsctl stop crs
2)升级Cluster软件到11.1.0.7
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp]$ unzip p6890831_111070_Linux-x86-64.zip
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp]$ cd Disk1
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/Disk1]$ ./runInstaller 

— 选择Cluster软件安装目录

— 按照提示依次在两个节点使用root用户执行以上命令脚本

[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/bin/crsctl stop crs
Stopping resources. 
This could take several minutes.
Error while stopping resources. Possible cause: CRSD is down.
Stopping Cluster Synchronization Services. 
Unable to communicate with the Cluster Synchronization Services daemon.
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/install/root111.sh
Creating pre-patch directory for saving pre-patch clusterware files
Completed patching clusterware files to /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1
Relinking some shared libraries.
Relinking of patched files is complete.
Preparing to recopy patched init and RC scripts.
Recopying init and RC scripts.
Startup will be queued to init within 30 seconds.
Starting up the CRS daemons.
Waiting for the patched CRS daemons to start.
This may take a while on some systems.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11107 patch successfully applied.
clscfg: EXISTING configuration version 4 detected.
clscfg: version 4 is 11 Release 1.
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>
node 1: 11grac1 11grac1-priv 11grac1
Creating OCR keys for user ‘root’, privgrp ‘root’..
Operation successful.
clscfg -upgrade completed successfully
Creating ‘/u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/install/paramfile.crs’ with data used for CRS configuration
Setting CRS configuration values in /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/install/paramfile.crs
Setting cluster unique identifier
Restarting Oracle clusterware
Stopping Oracle clusterware
Stopping resources. 
This could take several minutes.
Successfully stopped Oracle Clusterware resources 
Stopping Cluster Synchronization Services. 
Shutting down the Cluster Synchronization Services daemon. 
Shutdown request successfully issued.
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to stop
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to stop
Cluster Synchronization Services daemon has stopped
Starting Oracle clusterware
Attempting to start Oracle Clusterware stack 
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to start
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to start
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to start
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to start
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to start
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to start
Waiting for Cluster Synchronization Services daemon to start
Cluster Synchronization Services daemon has started
Waiting for Event Manager daemon to start
Event Manager daemon has started
Cluster Ready Services daemon has started

[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/bin/crsctl stop crs
Stopping resources. 
This could take several minutes.
Error while stopping resources. Possible cause: CRSD is down.
Stopping Cluster Synchronization Services. 
Unable to communicate with the Cluster Synchronization Services daemon.
[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/install/root111.sh
Creating pre-patch directory for saving pre-patch clusterware files
Completed patching clusterware files to /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1
Relinking some shared libraries.
Relinking of patched files is complete.
Preparing to recopy patched init and RC scripts.
Recopying init and RC scripts.
Startup will be queued to init within 30 seconds.
Starting up the CRS daemons.
Waiting for the patched CRS daemons to start.
This may take a while on some systems.
.
11107 patch successfully applied.
clscfg: EXISTING configuration version 4 detected.
clscfg: version 4 is 11 Release 1.
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>
node 2: 11grac2 11grac2-priv 11grac2
Creating OCR keys for user ‘root’, privgrp ‘root’..
Operation successful.
clscfg -upgrade completed successfully
Creating ‘/u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/install/paramfile.crs’ with data used for CRS configuration
Setting CRS configuration values in /u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/install/paramfile.crs

— 执行完成后查看集群资源状态
[root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ crs_stat -t
Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
————————————————————
ora….ac1.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac2.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2 
2)升级Database软件到11.1.0.7
[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/tmp/Disk1]$ ./runInstaller 

— 选择Database软件安装目录

root@11grac1.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script…

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The file “dbhome” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin …
The file “oraenv” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin …
The file “coraenv” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin …

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.

[root@11grac2.localdomain:/root]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script…

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The file “dbhome” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin …
The file “oraenv” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin …
The file “coraenv” already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
[n]: y
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin …

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.


— 到此集群数据库升级至11.1.0.7完成
4)检查集群数据库软件版本
oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/u01/app/crs/11.1.0/crshome_1/OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 11.1.0.6.2

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.1.0.6.2
Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.1.0.6.2
OUI version       : 11.1.0.7.0
OUI location      : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/oui
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-17_12-00-52PM.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2015-05-17_12-00-52PM.txt

——————————————————————————–
Installed Top-level Products (2): 

Oracle Database 11g                                                  11.1.0.6.0
Oracle Database 11g Patch Set 1                                      11.1.0.7.0
There are 2 products installed in this Oracle Home.

There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.

Rac system comprising of multiple nodes
  Local node = 11grac1
  Remote node = 11grac2

——————————————————————————–

OPatch succeeded.

[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory
‘Invoking OPatch 11.1.0.6.2

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.1.0.6.2
Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.1.0.6.2
OUI version       : 11.1.0.7.0
OUI location      : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/oui
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-05-17_11-59-28AM.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2015-05-17_11-59-28AM.txt

——————————————————————————–
Installed Top-level Products (2): 

Oracle Database 11g                                                  11.1.0.6.0
Oracle Database 11g Patch Set 1                                      11.1.0.7.0
There are 2 products installed in this Oracle Home.

There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.

Rac system comprising of multiple nodes
  Local node = 11grac1
  Remote node = 11grac2

——————————————————————————–

OPatch succeeded.

十三、创建数据库
1)dbca创建数据库
[oracle@11grac1 ~]$ dbca


— 至此数据库创建成功
2)查看集群及数据库状态
[oracle@11grac1.localdomain:/home/oracle]$ crs_stat -t
Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
————————————————————
ora….SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….ac1.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.gsd application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.ons application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….ac2.vip application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora.rac11g.db  application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     
ora….g1.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac1     
ora….g2.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    11grac2     

SQL> select instance_name,status from gv$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
—————- ————
rac11g1 OPEN
rac11g2 OPEN

十四、总结
以上我们用比较详细的步骤演示了在安装11.1.0.6 RAC并升级至11.1.0.7的整个过程,后续章节将演示如何将11.1.0.7 RAC升级到11gR2的最新版本,敬请关注。

使用VMware Workstation配置Oracle RAC共享存储磁盘

一般情况下,我们在虚拟机上安装部署Oracle RAC数据库学习环境时,我们习惯使用Oracle VirtualBox这个虚拟机软件,因为这个软件是Oracle公司自己出的,特别是在配置RAC数据库时所涉及到的共享存储的配置非常简单,只需要点几下鼠标选择下一步就可以配置成功。但是由于VirtualBox这款虚拟机软件在虚拟系统的全屏及快照等方面还没有VMware Workstation做的完善,因此很多人还是习惯使用VMware Workstation这款软件,根据笔者自身的使用体会,VMware Workstation占用Windows系统资源太大,而且VMware Workstation在配置RAC数据库时共享存储层面的设置比较繁琐复杂,因此在很多情况下使用VMware Workstation在部署Oracle RAC数据库总是遇见各种莫名奇妙的错误,导致安装部署失败。鉴于这种情况,很多人退而求其次使用VMware Server去搭建Oracle RAC数据库学习环境,笔者也曾使用过VMware Server去搭建Oracle RAC,从切身体会来讲,使用上很不便。该篇文档介绍如何使用VMware Workstation这款软件去配置Oracle RAC数据库所涉及到的共享存储磁盘问题。

#环境信息
VMware® Workstation 10.0.1 build-1379776
#前提环境准备
已经安装好两台虚拟Linux系统分别为rac1和rac2
#添加新的磁盘作为RAC共享磁盘(添加多少块磁盘及每块磁盘容量根据数据量进行规划这里只做演示)
#这里演示添加14块虚拟磁盘每个磁盘大2.5GB,磁盘名字分别为asmdisk1~asmdisk14
#在添加磁盘的过程中关闭虚拟机

在rac1节点虚拟机上点击“编辑虚拟机设置”,在弹出的界面点击“添加”,在弹出的界面选择“磁盘”点击“下一步”出现下图,依次按照图示操作

点击“完成”之后,等该磁盘创建完成之后,在虚拟机的主界面上点击刚添加的这块磁盘“磁盘2”

在弹出的界面上选中“磁盘2”,在右侧点击“高级”弹出如下界面

这里将磁盘2的SCSI选择1:0后选择确定,第一块共享磁盘添加完毕,依次按照上面相同步骤添加asmdisk2~asmdisk14,每个磁盘添加完后均需要修改SCSI对应的号,以下为添加每块磁盘对应的SCSI号:
磁盘2  asmdisk1  SCSI 1:0
磁盘3  asmdisk2  SCSI 1:1
磁盘4  asmdisk3  SCSI 1:2
磁盘5  asmdisk4  SCSI 1:3
磁盘6  asmdisk5  SCSI 1:4
磁盘7  asmdisk6  SCSI 1:5
磁盘8  asmdisk7  SCSI 1:6
磁盘9  asmdisk8  SCSI 1:8
磁盘10 asmdisk9  SCSI 1:9
磁盘11 asmdisk10 SCSI 1:10
磁盘12 asmdisk11 SCSI 1:11
磁盘13 asmdisk12 SCSI 1:12
磁盘14 asmdisk13 SCSI 1:13
磁盘15 asmdisk14 SCSI 1:14

这里说明一下,为什么将新添加的14块磁盘asmdisk1~asmdisk14的SCSI用1:0~1:14来标记,原因从下图可以看出:

由于安装系统时分配的那块磁盘默认使用了SCSI 0:0,这块磁盘是本地磁盘(非共享),所以我们后面添加的14块磁盘由于是要用作共享磁盘,因此只能使用新的SCSI通道,这里选择了SCSI 1

下面在rac2节点上添加刚才rac1节点上创建好的这些磁盘,步骤和上面一样,只需要在选择磁盘时选择“使用现有的虚拟磁盘”,然后依次浏览asmdisk1~asmdisk14磁盘进行添加


所有的磁盘添加完毕后,还是和rac1节点上一样,修改每块磁盘的SCSI对应的号,和rac1节点保持相同

做完以上步骤,还需要编辑两个节点的虚拟机配置文件,使用文本编辑器打开rac1.vmx文件(这个是虚拟机节点的配置文件),rac1.vmx配置文件中关于添加的14块磁盘的内容按照如下进行调整修改

scsi1:0.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:0.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk1.vmdk”
scsi1:0.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:0.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:0.redo = “”

scsi1:1.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:1.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk2.vmdk”
scsi1:1.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:1.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:1.redo = “”

scsi1:2.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:2.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk3.vmdk”
scsi1:2.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:2.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:2.redo = “”

scsi1:3.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:3.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk4.vmdk”
scsi1:3.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:3.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:3.redo = “”

scsi1:4.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:4.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk5.vmdk”
scsi1:4.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:4.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:4.redo = “”

scsi1:5.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:5.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk6.vmdk”
scsi1:5.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:5.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:5.redo = “”

scsi1:6.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:6.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk7.vmdk”
scsi1:6.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:6.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:6.redo = “”

scsi1:8.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:8.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk8.vmdk”
scsi1:8.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:8.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:8.redo = “”

scsi1:9.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:9.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk9.vmdk”
scsi1:9.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:9.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:9.redo = “”

scsi1:10.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:10.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk10.vmdk”
scsi1:10.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:10.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:10.redo = “”

scsi1:11.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:11.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk11.vmdk”
scsi1:11.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:11.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:11.redo = “”

scsi1:12.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:12.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk12.vmdk”
scsi1:12.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:12.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:12.redo = “”

scsi1:13.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:13.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk13.vmdk”
scsi1:13.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:13.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:13.redo = “”

scsi1:14.present = “TRUE”
scsi1:14.fileName = “F:\11g_OCM\sharedisk\asmdisk14.vmdk”
scsi1:14.mode = “independent-persistent”
scsi1:14.deviceType = “disk”
scsi1:14.redo = “”

同时添加如下参数到rac1.vmx配置文件
disk.EnableUUID = “FALSE”
disk.locking = “FALSE”
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = “0”
diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = “0”
diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = “0”
diskLib.dataCachePageSize= “4096”
diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = “0”
scsi1.shared = “TRUE”
scsi1.present = “TRUE”
scsi1.virtualDev = “lsilogic”
scsi1.sharedBus = “VIRTUAL”

按照同样的方法使用文本编辑器打开rac2.vmx文件(这个是虚拟机节点的配置文件)进行修改调整完成这些操作之后,在VMware Workstation层面的共享磁盘配置基本上就完成了

再往下就是在系统中如何进一步配置共享磁盘给RAC使用,无论是使用asmlib或是udev均可,但是这里需要提到一点,使用asmlib的话,添加的14块磁盘必须进行分区才可以被创建成ASM磁盘被RAC使用,但是使用udev可以直接绑定裸盘即可。